Hyung-il Moon, Young-eun Jeon, Dae-Young Kim, Heon Young Kim* and Yong-soo Kim
The Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, vol. 26, no. 8, pp.2595-2601, 2012

Abstract : "This paper describes the design process for an automobile crumple zone for pedestrian protection. The impact load and bending moments predicted by impact analysis were used to design a plastic structure that may help reduce pedestrian injuries to the thigh area. The fracture effect was incorporated into the model by calculating the damage to the plastic material during impact, and the analysis was conducted under the European New Car Assessment Program (Euro NCAP) test conditions, using the upper legform developed by ESI Corporation. In addition, the values predicted by the analysis were validated by comparison with results of actual impact tests."

Keyword : Pedestrian protection; Upper legform; Bonnet leading edge test; Crumple zone; Impact analysis; Front end module; EURO NCAP